1) What is safety?
It is a condition that gives you freedom from hazards, risks, and accidents that may cause injury, damage, loss of material or property, and even death.
OR
Safety is defined as freedom from those conditions that can cause injury to persons, including death or damage to property or the environment.
2) What is an accident?
It is an unforeseen or unplanned incident that might or might not cause harm, property loss, damage, or even death.
3) What is an injury?
4) What is a hazard? It is defined as a detrimental state that the body sustains as a result of an accident.
an inherent property of a substance or an occurrence that has the potential to cause loss or damage to property, a person, or an environment.
5) What is a risk?
probability of the realization of the potential for loss, damage, or injury.
6) What is an incident?
It is an occurrence that shows a departure from the planned flow of actions.
7) What is the safety policy?
Any company that employs people has a social and legal duty to give them a safe and healthy workplace.
8) What is a safety audit?
The safety audit is the process that identifies unsafe conditions and unsafe acts in the plant and recommends safety improvements.
Walk through It assesses the hazardous conditions that are visible to the unaided eye while working within the plant. ( Stores, civil work, erection work)
Comprehensive: a study and review of plant design and operation in intermediate detail. It evaluates the safety factors in the plant on the basis of engineering, analysis, testing, and measurement.
9) What is a safety tag?
A safety tag can be defined as a surface made of cardboard or paper board on which English or local language letters are written for warning safety instructions to employees.
10) What is a safety program?
Safety programs can be defined as five methods by which accidents can be easily prevented; they are engineering, education, enforcement, enthusiasm, and, for example, safety programs that are plain-spoken and carry out certain legal steps.
11) What is attitude?
Attitude may be described as continuous behavior. If a man’s behavior is good, then his action will be either correct or safe.
12) What is emergency planning?
Emergency planning can be defined as a control measure. It can control accidents, protect people, and provide information to the media.
13) What is the work permit system?
A work permit system is a “written document” for permission to undertake a job by the area in charge, or it is a written document issued by the area in charge to the performer to undertake the specific job.
14) What is work at height?
Any work above 2 meters from the ground is caused by work at height.
15) What is confined space?
An area that is small and enclosed, or an area where one enters and exits, or where a man cannot work comfortably in any location, is called a confined space.
16) What is excavation?
Marking a hole or tunnel by digging the ground by man or machine is called excavation.
17) What is scaffolding?
It is a temporary platform constructed to supporting both men and materials
and working safety at a construction site.
Also read more : safety interview
18) What is welding?
The process of joining metals, either by electrical means or by gas, is called welding.
19) What is gas cutting?
The process of joining and cutting metals by using oxygen and combustible gas is called gas cutting.
20) What is sand blasting?
The process of removing rust, dust, dirt, scales, and old prints from the old surface using compressed air is called sand blasting.
21) What is painting?
The process after sand blasting is called painting.
22) What is LEL?
The minimum concentration of vapour, gases, and dust in the air below which the propagation of flame does not occur on contact with a source of ignition is called LEL.
23) What is UEL?
The maximum proportion of vapour, gases, and dust in the air above which the flame does not occur on contact with a source of ignition is called the UEL.
24) What is manual handing?
The process of lifting, carrying, and stacking materials by men is called manual handling.
25) What is housekeeping?
Housekeeping means not only cleanliness but also the orderly arrangement of operations, tools, equipment storage facilities, and suppliers.
26) What is personal protective equipment?
It is an instrument used to protect the person from hazards such dust, dirt, fumes, sparks, etc. It is the barrier between a hazard and a person.
27) What is grinding?
The grinder is a portable machine with a wheel guard in place to reduce the danger.
28) What is a crane?
A tall machine is used for moving heavy objects by suspending them from a projecting arm with a hook.
29) What is a forklift truck?
Forklift trucks are designed to handle heavy loads.
30) What is JSA?
The procedure of analyzing the job for the specific purpose of finding the hazards and developing solutions.
31) What are the duties of a safety officer?
Prepare tool box talk
Prepare monthly statistics
Prepare the checklist
Accident reports
Management meetings
Arrange the safety classes and training
Arrange monthly safety bulletin
Inspection of fire extinguisher
Arrange first aid training classes
Arrange safety competitions like quiz, slogans, poster competitions exhibitions, etc.
32) What are the duties of a supervisor?
He has to instruct these workers about the work methods and procedures.
He has to maintain discipline among the workers
He has to supply necessary materials
He has to control quality and cost of the job
He has to guide his workers in doing a job in the correct and safe way
He has to supply suitable personal protective equipment to his workers
He should conduct periodic safety meetings.
He should conduct safety inspection of his working area
He should know about the firefighting equipment.
He should investigate the accident and find out the cause of accident
33) What are the precautions for welding?
1) Remove all combustion material from the place of welding
2) Clear the work area and cover the wooden floor with fire-proof mats. (Welding mechanics should be kept out of the visibility of the welders.).
3) Erect fire resistance screen around the work
4) All welding cables should be fully insulted
5) All welding mics shall be double-earthed
6) Welding area should be dry and free from water
7) Keep the fire extinguisher and sand really
8) Use leather hand gloves, goggles and helmets
9) Switch off the power when welding is stopped
10) Do not allow the helper to do welding
11) Do not shift the welding cable unless the electric power is switched off.
12) Do not allow the helper to carry the welding. The terminals of the welding cables should be provided with 3-cable lugs and kept tight.
13) Oxygen hose in black and Acetylene hose in red as per standard
14) NRV of the blow torches should be maintained properly avoid backfire.
15) Welders should be trained properly
16) Cylinders should be stored in a cold, dry place away from bottom heat and direct sunlight.
17) Proper housekeeping and good ventilation in the working area
18) Smoking should be avoided in the welding area
19) Hose connection should be properly made
20) Barricade the work area and put a sign board
21) Rolling of cylinders should be avoided
22) Flash back arrestor should be attached in each cylinders
23) Any leakage in the cylinder should be kept separately
34) What is the precaution for gas cutting?
1) Keep fire extinguisher nearby
2) Keep fire watch near by
3) Remove all combustibles from work area
4) Use all necessary PPE
5) Never put welding gas cylinder in a confined space
6) Hoses shall not be laid in pathways.
7) A gas-cutting torch should have flash-back arrestors
8) A gas test is to be done to check for the presence of flammable gas on site.
9) Good housekeeping and ventilation are necessary in the working area.
10) Hose connections should be made properly
35) What are the precautions for “sandblasting”?
1) Compressed air, hoses, and other fittings must be installed firmly without leaking.
2) Misuse of compressed materials should be avoided
3) A fresh air hood or mask must be worn
4) Housekeeping can be done periodically.
5) Fire extinguishers shall be kept near by
6) Dust mask ear plugs / muffs should be used
7) No sand blasting shall be done on top of a floating roof tank in service.
8) Use goggles and a face shield
9) Sand blasting operation must be gas-free
36) What are the precautions for “painting”?
1) All flammable material should be cleared from the work area
2) The required protective clothing and equipment must be worn
3) Cartridge respirators shall always be worn
4) Adequate ventilation is necessary
5) Adequate washing facilities must be readily available
6) Barrier cream should be applied to the skin
37) What are the hazards of welding?
Eye injury
Burn injury Arc realization
Electrical shock Light-arc radiation
Heat, light and radiation effect Heat fume
Poisonous gases Chipped price of weld metal
Fire
Explosion Scattering
Noise Sparking
Sparking
Flying sand
38) What are the hazards and injuries of manual handling?
1) Cutting fingers due to sharp edges
2) Burns due to the handling of hot articles
3) Foot injuries due to dropped articles
4) Slipped disc due to improper posture when lifting an object
5) Strains to wrist or fingers
6) Sprains, wounds hernias, and fractures
39) What is the cause of accidents in manual handling?
1) Improper lifting
2) Carrying too heavy loads
3) Improper gripping
4) Failure to use PPE
5) Lifting greasy, oily and irregular objects
6) Poor physique
40) What precautions are needed to avoid accidents in manhandling?
1) Stand at safe distance from the load
2) Sharp edges and burns are removed before lifting a material.
3) PPE, such as safety gloves and safety shoes, is to be used.
4) If the weight is too heavy for one person to lift, then he has to seek assistance.
5) The pathway is not blocked by obstacles while carrying the load.
6) The different actions, movements, and forces necessary while carrying the load.
7) Modify the task by using hooks and crow bars.
8) Mechanical equipment, like cranes, shall be used.
9) Modify the objects
10) Change the way things are used.
41) Tips for manual handling?
1) Plan
2) Clear the path
3) Move in close to the load
4) Secure your grip
5) Hold your head upright
6) Maintain normal curves of the spine
7) Power the lift with legs and body weight
8) Don’t twist
42) What is the cause of accidents in mechanical handling?
1) The sudden failure of wire rope or a chain
2) Slipping of the load from the sling
3) Swinging of the load at the time of lifting
4) The load sometimes hits the man
43) What are the accidents in “poor housekeeping”?
1) Men getting hit by failing from overhead
2) Men slipping as greasy, wet or dirty floor
3) Men failing in open tank without cover on the level floor
4) Accidents due to poor lighting
5) Fire accidents due to faulty electrical wires
44) What are the advantages of good housekeeping?
1) It helps in the reduction of accidents, including fire accidents
2) It saves property damages
3) It improves employee morale.
4) Better productivity
5) Working area be-comes presentable
6) Human energy is conserved
7) Visitors are very satisfied
8) The burden of supervisor is reduced
45) How to care for and maintain hand tools?
1) Tools must be kept clean and free from corrosion
2) Keep metal parts lightly oiled
3) Remove burrs from the edges of tools and the heads of chisels.
4) Tools which are not in use must be stored separately
5) A good worker regularly inspects his tools
6) Do not use tools without handles
46) How do you prevent accidents with “power tools”?
1) The operators should wear face shields or safety glasses
2) Power tools should be placed in the store room after use
3) power tools should have protected by guards
4) Pneumatic hoses or electric cables of power tools should not pass through passageways.
5) The electrical power tools should be properly earthed
6) Never horse play with hose of pneumatic tools
7) Power tool machines should be maintained and operated properly.
47) What are the causes of accidents with “hard tools”?
1) Due to the wrong way used of tools.
2) Due to defective condition of tools
3) Due to failure to use the right tools for right job
4) Due to wrong way of carrying tools
5) Due to strong of tools un safety
48) What precautions are necessary in electrical work?
1) All electrical installations shall be as per Indian electricity rules
2) Only competent people should handle the electrical equipment’s
3) The equipment should be earthed properly
4) All temporary electric lines should be drawn at least above man’s height
5) Cable should be completely insulted
6) Cable should not have any joints
7) Only one connection for one point
8) Good housekeeping in the area
9) Fire protection equipment to be kept near by
10) Use rubber gloves and rubber boots
11) Use good-quality of wire
12) Power isolation close to the job
13) Use three-pin plug instead of loose wire
14) Never operate any electrical equipment with wet hands
15) Never stand wet surface while working electrical equipment’s
16) During thunder storm, do not stand under tree
17) Proper sign board is necessary
18) No person shall work on any live electrical conductor
19) The switch shall only be put on by person who switched it off
49) What are the hazards in construction?
1) Falling from top and getting injured
2) Fall of objects from top and below person injury
3) Fall of materials from top and damage
4) A person falls into excavated pit
5) Collapse of soil and below person get injury or may
6) Damage of UG cables and sewage pipes
7) Collapse of scaffolding and person fall from height, get injury
8) Electrical shock
9) Fire and explosion
10) Burn injury
11) Health and lung problems
12) Snakes bite
13) Poisonous gas
14) Foreign body in eye
50) What was the cause of the accident in construction?
1) Erection equipment failure
2) Falling of persons from height
3) Electrical shocks
4) Improper lighting
5) Non-stop working by worker
6) Up-to-date, safe work methods
7) Collapsing of earth during trench excavation
8) Failure to use safety equipment
9) Working at a height without safety belt
51) General safety precautions in construction?
1) Adequate first aid equipment should be kept ready
2) Adequate fire fighting equipment should be available
3) All general electrical rules should be followed
4) Sufficient lighting arrangements should be necessary at night.
5) Work men at height should be wear safety belts
6) Workmen handling cement should be provided with goggles, rubber gloves, and rubber boots with a nose mask.
7) The moving parts of grinding machines used on construction site should be covered with guards
8) The moving parts of grinding machines used on construction site should be covered with guards
9) Excavated material should not kept near the excavated
10) For a very short duration of work, red flags must be hoisted and for a longer duration, red banners must be stretched
11) Defective tools should not be used
12) The worker should not carry tools in his hands when climbing a ladder
13) Excavation should be guarded by suitable fencing
52) How do I erect scaffolding?
1) It should be erected on level, firm ground
2) It erected by trained or skilled person
3) It is constructed using metal pipes and wooden boards
4) It should be designed and constructed from good and sound material
5) Not to be erected on loose earth
6) Clamps should fixed
7) Properly bracing
8) Sole plate is necessary the base of vertical pipe
53) Safety precautions for scaffolds?
1) Wooden board should not be painted
2) Wooden board should not have any cracks
3) Check for rust in pipes or clamps
4) Clamps should fixed and good quality
5) The board thickness should be 3.4 cms with no bending
6) The construction must be rigid and properly based
7) Use of good and sound materials
8) The wooden bellies has no joints
9) Vertical poles should not be more than 6 feet
10) Chains and ropes used for the suspension of scaffolding
11) Never throw any materials from height
12) Use safety harness while working at heights above 6 feet
13) Properly tie arrangements
54) What control measures are necessary in a confined space?
1) Enter with air line BA sets
2) Use 24v flame-proof hand lamps
3) A hole watch to be kept near the manhole
4) Keep fire fighting equipment ready
5) Gas test is to be done to check the oxygen level
6) Provide blowers
7) Don’t smoke in confined space
8) Use ropes and harness
9) The spaces are clean before entry
10) Use non-sparking tools if there is any risk of flammable vapors being present.
55) What are the safety rules when using ladders?
1) The foot wear is not greasy, oily, or muddy and has a good grip on the rungs.
2) When climbing or coming down a ladder, you should face the ladder side and hold on with both hands.
3) Carry light tools in pockets in a shoulder bag.
4) Hold on with at least new hand if using both hands, then use safety belt
5) Never climb higher than the third rung from the top on straight or second tired from the top on extension ladder.
6) Step ladder must be fully open and the divider locked
7) Metal ladders shall not be used near electrical equipment.
8) Metal ladder shall not be placed on firm footing at an angle of 75
9) Any ladder found to be defective in any way should be marked; do not use
10) A ladder shall not be placed on a box or drum.
11) Rubber protection on the head and heel of a ladder is necessary.
56) Safety rules insuring oxygen cylinders?
1) Oxygen cylinders should not be kept near combustible materials.
2) Oxygen cylinders should not be handled with grassy hands or gloves.
3) Oxygen cylinders and their fittings should not be tested with an oil-based soap solution.
4) Oxygen cylinders and other combustible gas cylinders should not be stored together.
5) The top cover of the cylinder should be kept in place and screwed for safety when not in use.
6) Cylinders should not be used as rollers for moving materials
7) Oxygen must not be used for ventilating confined spaces.
57) What are the safety rules for using compressed air?
1) Only authorized persons should use compressed air.
2) The body or clothes should not be cleaned with compressed air.
3) Compressed air hose pipes should not be placed across passageways.
4) Leakage of compressed air should not be tested with hands.
5) While working with tools powered by compressed air, safety shoes are to be used.
6) The tools should not be kept in position when not in use.
58) Handling of compressed gas cylinders?
1) They are not to be dragged or dropped
2) They should be stored in dry, well-ventilated places
3) Chins and slings should not be used for lifting cylinders.
4) The caps of the cylinders should not be removed when they are not in use.
5) Cylinders should not be stored near hot sources
6) Acetylene cylinders should not be stored horizontally
7) Empty cylinders and full cylinders should be stored separately
8) Leakage cylinders are removed to open space and release the gas without getting ignited.
59) Storage of gas cylinders.
1) Cylinders should stored in a safe, dry and well-ventilated store
2) Oxygen cylinders should be stored horizontally, and acetylene cylinders should be stored vertically.
3) The standing cylinders should be secured properly to avoid falling.
4) Flammable gas shall be stored at least 50 feet away from another building
5) Oxygen cylinder shall never be stored in a necessary flammable gas cylinder
6) The empty cylinder shall be identified by marking with chalk (MT) and checked for damage before returning to suppliers.
7) Cylinders should not be kept as supports.
60) Give a brief note about cranes and LE.
1) Only authorized and competent people should operate cranes
2) The correct sling must be used for the load to be lifted.
3) Lifting equipment must be certified by a competent authority and marked with its SWL
4) Never be used for loads excess of its SWL
5) Cables and slings must be padded when passing over sharp edges of equipment’s
6) Check the condition of the ground before parking the crane and use the outriggers
7) All moving parts must be guarded
8) Uncertified chains, ropes, slings and hooks should not be used.
9) All slings are to be inspected by third-party inspectors
10) Never stand or work under a suspended load
11) Place the out riggers on firm ground
12) Guide ropes shall be used to control swing of lifted material
13) Never operate the crane at the speed of the wing
14) Lifting over live equipment should not be encouraged
15) The crane should undergo periodic maintenance as per manufacturer
61) Give a brief note about the forklift truck.
1) Check breaks, lift tilt, and tires.
2) Check the stability of load before moving it
3) Never leave your fork lift truck unattended with motor running
4) Never park a forklift truck in the passageway.
5) Never drive with wet or greasy hands
6) Always drive with a safe speed and slow down at turning point
7) When driving without load forks, about 6 inches above the floor or ground
8) Never operate trunk in gaseous area
9) Never carry a load so high that you can not head, If necessary, operate truck in reverse
10) Avoid carrying lost materials on forks
11) Never allow one to go under elevated loads
12) Warn other employees to stand clear when staking or removing materials
13) Exhaust pipe should have flame arrestor
14) Fork should be lowered to the floor when the truck is unattended
15) Stay alert at all times
62) Give a brief about grinding.
1) Proper wheel shall be used as per the grinding M/c’s specification
2) All the grinding M/c’s shall be used with wheel guard
3) Grinding cables shall not mingle with welding cables
4) All the cables shall be protected from damage
5) Provide face shield with safety helmet
6) Never use fracture wheel
7) Excessive tightening of maintenance is dangerous
8) All guards should be in position before the machine operated
9) The speed of the grinding should match in the speeds of the grinding machines
10) Only a skilled person should be handle this work
11) Testing of wheel is necessary
63) Describe vehicles and plants.
1) All vehicles requiring security pass
2) All drivers should have valid driving licence
3) Drivers should not use fork lift trucks for carrying passengers
4) All traffic regulations and speed limits should be strictly followed in the plant area
5) All vehicles are in road-worthy condition
6) Vehicles parked in the operation area must always unlocked with the ignition key in position
64) Precautions for excavation?
1) Excavation area should have a suitable barricade
2) Put sign boards lights and flags
3) Avoid heavy vehicle coming near the sides
4) PPE like helmet and safety shoes should be used
5) Keep the excavated soil at least 5 feet away.
6) Excavated sides should be sloped to a safe angle
7) Hand excavation should be done at the present location of UG pipes or cables.
8) Cutting shall be done from top to bottom
9) All narrow trenches 4 feet or more deep shall be supplied at least one ladder
10) While excavating on a slope whose height is over 10 feet, men should use safety belts
65) What are the advantages of JSA? ( Job safety Analysis)
1) It helps identify hazards and prevent accident
2) It helps establish safe work method, working conditions and suitable plant safety rules
3) It helps to assess the safety training; four headings can be used for JSA.
4) It helps to inspect the plant
a) Name of operation for JSA
b) Description of the operation
c) Hazards
d) Precautions
66) What is tool box talk?
1) Job-related safety aspects
2) Job-related hazards or risks
3) Control or preventive measures
4) Adequacy of PPE’s or condition
5) Following safety rules and procedures
6) Safe work procedures and methods
67) Describe different types of hazards?
1) Mechanical hazards — in adequately guarded machines parts
2) Chemical hazards — of toxemic gasses, vapours, fumes, smoke in dust.
3) Electrical hazards : in adequately insulated line wires
4) Fire hazards: chemical reaction, electrical arches
5) Radiation hazards: dazzling light in fraved rays and ultra violet rays
6) Pollution: water pollution and noise pollution
68) What is inspection?
1) Inspection means to find out hazards according to a checklist prepared with reference to departmental operations by people who are familiar with the plant.
69) Plant safety inspection by whom?
Safety officer
By-line management personnel
By senior management personnel
First-line supervisor
By maintenance engineers
By workers
By safety committee
By statutory authority
70) How many types of inspections are there?
There are 5 types inspection: pressures of boilers( supervisor)
1) Continuous inspection: select employees or operator
2) Periodical Inspection: material storage, firefighting equipment, handling equipment’s
3) Intermittent inspection: an unannounced inspection done by the safety officer or safety committee. ( Particular work spot)
4) Statutory inspection: storage area, location at height ( cranes, ropes, chains, etc.)
5) Special inspection: accident investigation
Inspection of new buildings, general lighting, use of PPE’s, etc. construction work.
71) What is safety management?
Safety management is the act and science of setting the safety objectives of an industrial company.
72) What is an accident investigation?
Accident investigation means carrying out an investigation immediately after the occurrence of an accident to find out the real facts to avoid future accidents.
73) What are accident statistics?
It means the maintenance of accident details
74) How do you investigate an accident?
Injured persons name, address, and designation age
The exact place and types of hazards
Date, shift, and time
To find out the causes or reasons
To take corrective action
Fact-finding, not fault-finding
75) How do I report an accident?
1) Date and time
2) Activity
3) What happened?
4) Person involved
5) What went wrong?
6) Causes
7) Corrective action suggested
8) Signature
9) Safety officer
10) Safety in charge
11) Project manager
76) What is accident prevention?
Accident prevention may be defined as an integrated program directed to control unsafe mechanical or physical conditions.
77) What is the role of management in industrial safety?
1) A written safety policy be issued by the management’s towards men, materials, and machines.
2) The safety policy should bring out the management’s attitude towards men and material machines.
3) The safety policy should be circulated to top, middle and to workers
4) Management meeting should be in a position
5) Management should arrange for safety inspections (once every 3 months) and safety audits (once a year) to be carried out.
78) Give a brief note about the safety policy.
1) The safety and health of all employees is one of the prime concerns of the company.
2) Every company will be required to follow the policy both in letter and in spirit.
3) the company shall comply strictly with act, laws, rules and regulations
4) The company shall impart training in health, safety, and occupational health to all employees.
5) The company will adopt its own safety and health standards where laws may not be available.
79) Safety in the use of hand trucks?
1) the truck should be inspected
2) The axles should be greased well
3) Safety shoes should be worn by the operators.
4) The load should be balanced and the weight of the load should not fall on the axle
5) The hard cart should not be wider than the width of the hand truck.
6) The hard cart should be pushed, not pulled
7) The truck should not be placed on paths.
80) How many types of safety?
There are three types of safety.
a) Plant safety b. Workers safety 3. Consumer safety
81) Are human factors causing accidents?
1) Carelessness
2) Fooling bout it
3) Hurrying to increase production
4) Laziness in house keeping
5) Hurrying in Lunchtime
6) Lack of attention due to worry
7) Alcohol and drugs
8) Lack of skill and experience
9) Not using PPE
82) How many steps are there to safety?
There are four steps in safety
1) Policy
2) Implementation
3) Take advantages of factory act
4) Safe working conditions.
83) What are the causes of accidents?
Direct cause: an unsafe act or unsafe condition. Indirect Cause:
1) Lack of knowledge or skill
2) Improper attitude
3) Physical or mental deficiency
84) Give some examples of unsafe acts.
1) Operating any equipment without proper authority
2) Failure to warn
3) Operating at unsafe speed
4) Failure to use PPE
5) Using hands instead of tools and equipment
6) Unsafe loading, placing or stacking
7) Unsafe position or posture
8) Working on moving equipment’s
9) Wearing loose clothes while working on running machine
10) Working at height without safety belt
85) Give some examples of unsafe conditions.
1) Unguarded machines or equipment
2) Poor lighting
3) Narrow road
4) Improper stacking
5) Oil on floor
6) Unsafe ventilation
7) Unsafe, defective construction
8) Defective condition of tools and equipment
9) Unsafe method or procedure
10) Bad housekeeping
86) Write about the accident sequence.
A personal injury occurs only as the result of an accidents
An accident occurs only as the result of an unsafe action, unsafe mechanical or physical conditions, or both.
Unsafe actions, unsafe conditions, or mechanical or physical conditions exist only because of the fault of the person.
The fault of a person is acquired from the environment, which causes a lack of knowledge, skills, or an improper attitude.
87) Write a brief about the classification of fire.
There are mainly five types of fire.
Class A Fire : Wood, paper, clothes, rubber, etc.
Class B Fire : Oil, grease, paint, petroleum, etc.
Class C Fire : Acetylene, ethane, methane, etc.
Class D Fire : Sodium, magnesium, potassium, etc.
Class E Fire : Electrical equipment, etc.
88) What are the uses of an extinguisher?
1) Water-type extinguisher: Class A fire (not B or E)
2) Foam-type extinguisher: Class B fire (S.B + A.S.= Co2)
3) Carbon dioxide extinguisher, Class C Fire
4) DCP Extinguisher, Class C, D or E
89) What precautions are necessary to protect against fires?
1) Buildings and plants shall be laid out as shall roads, passageways, etc.
2) Doors and windows shall be located in suitable positions on all external walls of the building.
3) Smoking lighting or carrying matches are to be prohibited
4) Gas cylinders should not be stored near highly flammable substances
5) Flammable liquids shall be stored in suitable containers with close-fitting covers.
6) In every factory has to have suitable fire fighting equipment
7) All firefighting equipment shall be subjected to routine maintenance inspection and testing by properly trained personnel.
8) A sufficient number of people shall be trained in the proper handling of firefighting equipment.
90) Precaution for burn people?
1) If a fire catches a single person’s cloth, he should immediately roll on the floor.
2) No lotion of any kind should be applied on the burn area
3) In case of burns due to corrosive chemicals, the burn parts should be flooded with water
4) The burn area should be covered with dry, sterile dressing
5) The person’s physical shock is treated by giving him weak tea or coffee
6) In major cases, the patient should be sent to hospital as quickly as possible
91) Does the factory act?
Sec. ‘6’ Registration of a factory
Sec.’11’ Cleanliness
Sec. 13′: Ventilation and temperature
Sec.’17’ Lighting
Sec.’18,19’ Drinking water and sanitary
Sec. ’23’ Employment of young people on dangerous mechanical
Sec.28′ Hoist and Lifts
Sec. 29′: Lifting machines and tackles
Sec. 35’s protection of eyes
Sec. ’36’ Precaution against Dangerous furmes
Sec.’36(A)’ Use of portable electric light
Sec.’38’ Protection in case of fire
Sec.’40(A)’ Maintenance of building
Sec.40(B)’ Safety officers duty
Sec.’45’ First aid boxes
Sec.111′ Obligation of Workers
92) Personal protective equipment? P.P.E
1) Head protection: hard hat, cap, and helmet
Made: aluminum, PVC, fiber glass, Plastic
Protect, heal, spark, and danger materials
2) Face and eye protection: spectacles, Welding goggles, and a face shield
Protect: flying particles, radiation
3) Hand protection: hand gloves and pads
Made: leather, rubber, PVC, asbestos
Protect: acid, oil, grease, pure Alex rubber gloves, electrical
4) Foot and leg protection: safety shoes, gum boots, foot and leg guards
Made – Metal, leather, and rubber
Project – falling materials and electrical work
5) Body protection – Apron, hood, coverall, jacket
Made rubber, leather canvas, lead, PVC asbestos
Asbestos hood – Fire fighting
Rubber, PVC full suit (corrosive liquid, fumes, vapor)
Safety belts – work exceeds 3 mts
6) Ear production; earmuffs; noise; 30–135 DB
7) Ear plug: 115–120 DB
93) What is safety management?
Safety management is the art and science of setting the safety objectives of an industrial company and related activities of planning, administration, improvement, and various functions to achieve the safety objectives.
94) What are the objectives of safety management?
1) Taking care of workers and staff in the event of an accident
2) Providing health-full environment and surrounding
3) Welfare
4) Continuous vigilance and improvement
95) How many types of PPE are there?
There are two types of PPE
1) Respiratory 2) Non respiratory
Respiratory — Air supplied
— Air purified
Air supplied — Compressed air breathing apparatus set
Air purified —canisters gas mask
Chemical cartridge respirator
Surgical cotton mask
Dust filter mask (dust respirator)
96) How many types of work permits exist?
There are two types of work permit
1) Cold work permit
2) Hot work permit
The hot work permit further classified into three types
Normal hot work permit
Blanket hot work permit
Delegate hot work permits
97) What is a blanket permit?
A blanket permit is a permit issued on the basis of the location where multiple jobs are to be carried out in a safe location.
98) What is a delegated work permit?
A delegated work permit is used for areas requiring light control. Ex : Fabrication, yards, valid for 30 days
99) How many types of accidents exist?
There are four types of accidents
1) Near-miss accident: escape
2) No lost time reported 48 hours before
3) Los time—reported 48 hours after
4) Fated: Death
100) Heinrich accident ratio?
Major injury
Minor injury
No injury
Bird accident ratio?
Serious
Minor
Property damage
No visible injury
101) How do you control risk?
The risk is controlled by the following processes: eliminate, replace, reduce, control, and PPE.
102) What are the hazards to chemical safety?
1) Danger due to fire or explosion
2) Danger due to toxicity
103) How do you control the chemical hazards?
The chemical hazards are controlled by engineering methods, administrative methods, and PPE.
104) Give a brief note about the act related to the session.
The factory Act, 1948 Petroleum Act, 1934
The mines Act – 1952 Water Act – 1974
Automatic energy Act – 1962 Air Act – 1948
Railways Act – 1890
Indian electricity Act, 1910
Indian boilers Act, 1884
Workmen compensation Act, 1948
Employee’s state insurance Act, 1948
105) What is first aid?
First aid is temporary and immediate care given to the victim of an accident.
106) What are the hazards in the petroleum industry?
1) Fire, 2) Explosion, 3) General Hazards; 4) Frostbite
107) How to control the petroleum hazards
1) Proper design, operation and maintenance
2) Avoid leakage
3) Steel pressure cylinder
4) Vapor release is to be directed away from heat sources
5) Wear goggles and SCBA sets
108) What are the causes of industrial accidents?
1) Inadequate skill, improper supervision etc.
2) Rapid industrialization
3) Expansion of exiting factories
4) Setting up new industries involving hazards not known earlier
109) What are the responsibilities of workers for safety?
1) Report unsafe condition to supervisor
2) Do not operate the machine without knowing the operation
3) Before starting the machine, whether the machine is in condition not
4) Use correct tools
5) Follow the safety rules
6) Always do not horseplay.
7) Do not lift overloaded
8) Do not chit on at with others
110) What general precautions are necessary while driving?
1) Follow all traffic rules, signs and signals
2) Do not exceed the speed limit
3) Take ten-minute break after every two hours on long driving
4) Drive in correct gear
5) Keep both hand on steering wheel
6) Do not drive if you are not filling well or getting sleep
7) Slow down while passing junctions, corners, crowded places and parking
111) What are cause of road accident?
1) Not following defensive arriving techniques
2) Not observing lane displace
3) Overtaking on turns or from wrong side
4) Not obey traffic signals
5) Poor road condition
6) Poorly maintained vehicle
112) What belongs to road safety?
1) The speed limits displayed along the road should be strictly
2) Short cuts and cutting across the corners should be avoided.
3) No one should try to cross the level crossing when drop gates are closed
4) The signal given to block the road:’ stop’, look, listen, and proceed should be followed.
113) What is the factory act?
The Factory Act is a social enactment to achieve social reform and is given liberal construction to achieve legislative.
114) What are the main provisions of the Factory Act?
Health, safety, welfare, hours of work, employment, person, occupational disease, special provision, and penalties and procedures.
115) What are the advantages of ventilation?
1) It helps reduce the chances of fire or explosion
2) It protects against occupational diseases
3) It provides comfort to the workers.
116) What is the role of government in industrial safety?
The government is responsible for protecting workers and consumers from dangers at work, on the road, in the air, in the water, from air and water pollution, etc.
117) How does the workers health influence?
The workers health is influenced by occupational factors (physical, chemical, biological, and social).
Non occupational factors – food, cloth, water, housing, smoking & alcohol etc.
118) How is audit conducted?
1) Preliminary visit and understanding the factory
2) Identify the audit element
3) Prepare the questionnaire
4) Get a reply from the company
5) Discussion with management, executives, and workers.
6) Cross-verification at site
7) Preparation of a report.
119) What are the procedures for a work permit?
3 copies of the permit
At the work site.
In the permit file
On the permit board.
120) How many types of appliance
1) Safety appliances for PPE
2) Safety appliances for general protection
121) What are the causes of accidents while working at height (personal)?
a) Lack of knowledge and skill
b) over work
c) Feeling of dizziness
d) Non usage of PPEs like safety belt cygnet
e) Unsafe platform (Not covered having floor openings)
f) Improper erecting
g) Does unlearning work at height?
122) Control measure of work at height?
i) Use a safety belt with proper anchoring above the head.
ii) Special training must be given before starting the job.
iii) All scaffolds must be erected by skill persons.
iv) No work after sun set
v) Every platform should free from unnecessary obstruction
vi) Grease, mud, paint removed from working platform
123) What is an earthling?
Earthling means connecting the natural point of the supply system to the general mass of the earth by line.
124) What is ELCB?
It is the protection of living beings under electro charging by fast isolation from the live conductor to avoid permanent disability or death.
125) Precaution for electric shock
Use dry hard gloves & rubber sole, safety boots, gum boots
The electric holder must be fully insulted
Proper protection for the body
During chipping of slag, use white goggles
126) What is term card?
It is a legal requirement in case of emergency in vehicles carrying hazardous substances.
127) What are audit elements?
OS & H policy, educational training, safety manuals and rules, new equipment’s, safety inspection, machine guarding, material handling, safe operating procedures, noise.
128) What are five rules of forth job?
1) Select the right ladders for the next job
2) Inspect ladder before you see it
3) Setup the ladder with care
4) Climb in carefully
5) Use safe practices
129) What are 4 Ps?
Procedure: rules, regulation
Protective gear (PPE)
Promotional aspects – Competitions, rewards
Publicity – Bulleting, posters
130) How many types of sign boards
Mandatory
Information
Fire or explosion
Caution
Wiring
131) What is TWA? – for 8 hours of exposure per day
It is define as the limit of air bone concentration of substances under which personnel may be exposed for 8 hrs. per day without any adverse effect.
132) What is STEL 0 for 15 minutes continuous exposure?
It is considered the maximum allowable concentration not to be exceeded at any time during the 15-minute continuous exposure period.
It is a maximum concentration that works or can be exposed to for a period of 15 minutes continuously without suffering from irritation.
133) What are the duties of a factory inspector?
He takes up the license and registration of factories
He also verified the documents related to factory workers
He suggests suitable welfare measures
134) What are the welfare measures of the Factory Act?
Adequate and suitable washing facilities should be provided
Facilities for sitting during rest hours should be provided
If more than 250 workers are employed in a factory a canteen facility shall be provided.
Shelters rest rooms and drinking water shall be provided.
Welfare officer shall be employed where than 50 workers are working.
135) What is a safety inventory system?
It is a safety date-collection technique carried out to promote full employee cooperation in the implementation of the company’s safety surveys.
136) What are safety surveys?
Safety surveys are made to have detailed observations of all types of unsafe physical and environmental conditions as well as unsafe practices committed to the health and comfort of workers.
137) What is industrial hygiene?
Industrial hygiene is defined as the art and science of the presentation and improvement of the health and comfort of workers.
138) What belongs to an unhygienic working environment?
Presence of toxic,
High temp.
Excessive noise
Emission of radiation
Improper lighting
Improper ventilation
Process involving the handling of poisonous materials.
139) What is ingestion?
The entry of harmful materials through mouth is called ingestion
140) What is inhalation?
The entry of harmful materials through mouth is called ingestion
141) What are the four legs of fire safety?
Fire protection
Fire prevention
Quantity control
Preventive Maintenance
142) What are the important points to be observed for fire prevention?
Good house keeping
No smoking
Use of fire-resistant paint
Electrical safety
Fire-check doors
Nocked flame safety
Separate storage of hazardous chemicals
143) Safety Triangle: Green?
Safety Day: March 4
Fire Day – 14th April
Hot Work – Red or pink
Cold Work: Green
Confined: Blue
Radiography: Yellow
Water-type extinguisher: red
Foam-type extinguisher: cream (green)
Co2 extinguisher Black
DCR extinguisher Blue
144) What is lathe?
Lathe is equipment used for cutting, threading, milling, facing, etc.
145) What is noise?
Up wanted sound, which causes irritation to the ears caused by mechanical movement.
146) What is respiration?
The process of inhaling fresh air and exhaling it before entering a confined space is called respiration.
147) What is a hot work permit?
Any work which involves spark flame, temperature is called HWP
148) What is a cold work permit?
Any work which does not involve the production of spark flame, heat, or temperature is called
149) What
A form of energy resulting from the existence of charged particles acting dynamically as a current.
It requires workers on electrical equipment, machinery, cables, switch boards, pumps, and other distribution boards.
150) What is radiography?
It is conducted to check the welding joints for any blowhole defects through x-rays.
151) What is a vehicle or mobile permit?
The permit is required for taking any mobile equipment with a diesel or gasoline-operated engine into a hazardous area.
152) What are the risks of a vehicle permit?
1) Sparks; 2) Accidents 3) Pollution
153) What control measures do vehicles permit?
Fitted spark arrester
Speed: 30 km/hour
Proper warning lights
No over load
Correct parking
Pollution check
3rd party inspection
154) Control measures of radiography?
Barricade the area
Remove all un-necessary people from site
Check radiation level with dosimeter
Use lead shields
Put a sign board
Risk tissue damage
Use special filter glass
Use lead-coated aprons